Best available cop



p'rl 24, 1928. 1,666,999

F. E. GARBUTT ET AL FILM DEVELOPING MACHINE Filed April 26. 1926 ll Sheets-Sheet 1 April 24, 1928. 1,666,999

F. E. GARBUTT ET Al.

FILM DEVELOPING MACHINE Filed Apr il 26, 1926 11 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 24, 192s.

` 1,666,999 F. E. GARBUTT ET AL FILM DEvELoPxNG MACHINE Filed April 26, 1926 1l Sheets-Sheet 3 F. E. GARBUTT ET AL FILM DEVELOPING MACHINE Filed April 26. 1926 11 Sheets-Sheet 4 April 24, 192s. 1,666,999

F. E. GARBUTT ET AL FILM DEVELOPING MACHINE Filed April 26. 1926 11 sheets-sheet 5 fnf( FILM DEVELOPING MACHINE April 24, 1929 1,666,999

F. E. GARBUTT ET AL FILM DEVELOPING Mmmm:

Filed April 26. 1926 11 sheets-Sheet 7 April 24, 1928.

1,666,999 F. E. GARBUTT ET AL FILM DEVELOPING MACHINE Filed April 26. 192s 11 sheets-Sheet F 73 74 l EEO April 24, 1928. 1,666,999

F. E. GARBUTT ET Al.

FILM DEVELOPING MACHINE Filed April 26. 1926 l1 Sheets-Sheet 9 April 24, 1928. 1,666,999

F. E. GARBUTT ET AL FILM DEVELOPING MACHINE Filed April 2G. 1926 11 Sheets-Sheet 10 April 24, 1928.

l1 Sheets-Sheet 11 on the filin at all times'.

4limehines in Patented Apr. 24, 1928.

UNITE@ were@ www @Arens nemen-,

.wein-I .Gemme AND LHGH M. GRIFFYIEH, ...QF Los ANQELESLQAMEQW ,eS-

nl ijivi- DviiLoP'ING MACHINE.'

Our invention relates to iilmdevelopiiig wh iehlthe -film is fed over Suitzilgle rollers through various 4tanks -foiiihe p u r-posefof per-formi ng fthe developing,` Alix- Yingr;washing' and drying operationslthereon.

The iiim during these operations expands and contrae-ts andftheinvention' is so "eolistr lited that it automaticallyooinpnsetes for 'sue-h' eggpiinsion rind CQntra-tiOn'and maintains al substantiilly uniform ftension This lis important sinee'th'e liilin must he maintained?under :i minimum tension to prevent the film buckling :igainstthe ivallso'f the zipptirzitus or ngiinst itse'l-f,' ,zindlto' prevent-kinking. At the saine-time theineelmiiie'al s tren'gtli' o f the `film is small end w'e provide means Iliywliieh the maximum' tension to lwhieh'theJiim zi-n he subjected is strictly limited. Thi'sprevents the fi-lmffroin being-broken ordistoitthertii.A

ed hv "thefepplioatioii of too iniieh tension Ilief'probleinof maintaining the film iin-- der uniform tension iii suoli eontinuous'deifelopiiig inaliines has Abeen long recognized end 'pr'eyioiis inventr'shave s oiiglitto' solve Apijolleii hy proiidiii mennsizidapted to sonieivhiit higher illiowing-the'li'hn to lbe frietioiilly driven' so that there is a constant slippage whenever tlie @(fnsioii on thelilmeie'eeds a sniemaximum if'ziliie between the film itself and its"dri ving means or between suitablefrietion surfaees'hetween the I ilni `and Athe lultimate driving ineens.-

All siiehfrietional drives with Wliiehweia're familianare unsatisfactory due to variations .in frieiiion under `the Conditions of operation met in pi'zietiee, sc tlizitsueh machines "need const faiit ettentioii' :i.nd frequent repairs and :ire n'iostl unsatisfatory from 'ii users View` poiii.

I t isan object of our invent-ion to provide :t continuoiis film developing inachine lin whose d i'iymg'force'is Afixed withins'uoh liinits that a'uiii'formtension is maintained on ijietion c liitehes, the driving foreebeing au =toniatieallyfregulated to il @intake end.

= z iillQ-lijts bliaccilraitelry regulated to provide;uniiotmftensioiibmthe which the lilm is fed intoitheinahiiieat-its Ifv thislsnatezs -inclezsed`, .bhe i111- pulseivheeisientpniptcaflly sneed-1.19110 mainl driving the film atffiiniformmimi-*regard- It is a further object oniii-,initenljonilto-e ine' and thns, as explained v above', :providing 1neansby willich vt-lie operator 'may-ireguflatenthe-rate of ieed.

Inathe .practica-'l ,operatin ff. `SIM- ill :L d0- veloping in aehineiit;is ;highly; de siuible-zthat the iniehinehe operiitedfcoiitimieiisly over lng requires that thetime duriiigwhich:tiliefilm i'eina'ins'inl 1the developingjsollition s hall he aoeurately regulated. -Sinee' the,- lilin Ondinarily vdelivered :.tot.he .rlielopjiigrooinjn reels containing one;thousand;feet;of `lin, it is necessary-'to splice :thecinnerpd Offh filinufr'om .the reel :being :developedito the outer end of :L succeedingiieel -if Continuous operation istofbelmaintained. i

periods,';sinee s u'CCSSfill development provide means ffoi So .splicing without interfilmthrough the, machine;- th 1 is l insuring Aeofntinuous and iinrforui d'eveelopinent, r

bv holding: a :colored light fdirec'tly. adjacent the film so that- 4thef1 images will :be partially :illumin ated# .'jllhef -light is i generally moved 'with theE :filmE :so' :that: :a singleA 4frame may beobservedfo'fveraiperiod of a-fewxsec- A ends.' @This fniethodlandi means offii'nspection is' not entirely; satisfactory arid-'is inot--as-accurate as it might be, since. it dependsnpon manual inoveinent'fnf :the lighth .-i .ji

Itis=another'iobject:of -this invention to provide 21.- film fdeveloping w' apparat-us in` which the ilm'inayibe convenently'zind accurately-inspected. i f :v i

It is a' still further object of our ivention to provide -a filnideveloping apparatus having'anovel design ofinspectionfdevice. vOur conception `vincludes an-:inspection belt A having 'windows therein; `which belt.-` passes over .a lightbox. IThe lin' moves "in eontactlwith the belt.- movingthis Ibelt,"aiid'said frames ofthe -film are: illuminatedl when the -wi'ndows -passfover the'lightilioxbf 1 Other objects fandwa-dva'ntages'of this invent-ion will be lthoroughly explain'ed 'in the following r'lescriptioxi'` taken inw connect-ion with the drawings, in Wliichiwve illustrate our invention: 'i-i =f r i Referring -to these drawings, zY Fig. 1 is fanelevational view-showing partfofvour invention including Vthe vwet box. Fig. 2 lis afragmentary-.plan-view ot a lilm handling unit ofthe wet box of our invention provided for-theipurpose of illustratingt-he use v'of the,sqiieegee'nozzles. l

Fig. 3 is an elevationalview-partially sectioned, of the structure shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a side elevational View of a lilm take-upof this invention.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary section taken as indicated by the line 5 of Fig. 4 and-in a direction indicated by-'the arrows thereof. 6 is an elevationalsection of a film feed regulator of this invention.

- Fig. 7 is a' horizontal Asection taken on :i line 7'-7 of Fig.' 6.l

Fig. S is a 'horizontal' section taken on a line 8 8 of Fig.6.=

Fig. 9 is a''ragmentary and partially sectioned vew of a filni'handling Vunit lof our invention, Fig. 9vshowing one-ofthe ,film handling unitsA used in the :wetibox of our invention.

:0f Fig. l5. Figs; 17 and Fig. 10 is a partially sectioned view taken on a line 10-10 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is e sectional view taken on a line 11-11 of Fig. 9. l Fig. 12 is a fragmentary section taken on a line 12j- 12 o f Fig. 9.

Fig. 13 is ii' fragmentary section taken on a line 12%.-13 of Fig. 12.

Fig. 14: is a section taken on a line 14-14 of Fig..2. A

Fig. 15 is a section taken on a line 15-15 of-Fig. 2. .f Fig. 16 is -a section taken on a `line.16

18 .are views structureof thequeegee nozzles of-ou'r-iii-f- Vent-10XL :.fi i` f Fig. 19 is a vie'wpartially seetlorredshowing the Vinspectiondevice of o ur;- invention.

.Fig.`20is a. partially sectioned view V4ofthe inspection device taken :is iiidicated..bythe.

arrow -20 of Fig. 19. Fig. 21 is a section taken on a;linc21.-.g21

Of 19. I ".2i.'f

The form of our invention shown in the drawings consists of a splicer 25, a film feed.

device 2G, a combined branding maehfneiind bralre 27, a film takeup 28,21 filmfeed regulator 29, a wet box 30,' and an inspection device 31.

In the drawings we illustrate a double ii'rachine suited to lsimultaneously develop two films, all of the apparatus being in pairs; for example, there being aiightfhanfL-and a left-hand wet box, etc., Inthe descript'on, however, we shall describe only the'. righthand par-ts of theapparatus, it vbeinglinderstood .that the numerals are applicable to identical parts of the left-hand ,appare-tus, portions of Awhich are shown vwherever necessary to a complete understanding np-v parntus. n T he Ilm feed device 2G consists of a standard 4.0.to vwhich rcel supporting arms 41 we secured, these reel supporting arms ll `rotatably.supporting feed reels 42 andfli.' A film 44, whicliis shown `asbeing carried on the feed reel 42, is extended Atherefroiifito the branding machine and brake 27.

This branding machine `andbi.ake vvis shown and described iin detail in our co.

pending appleation entitled .Bifinding machine, filed April 26, 1926, Serial No. 101.610, towhicli iefereiioe ,.m a f' beh-ad vif desired. This branding nraehineA and bralic. consists of a rotor 45 aroundwliicli the film le passes, spools 46 for .holding .tlie't'ilm l1 in Contact with the rotor` 45.and` a brake mechanism..which .is operated hy'agb'rzilre lever 48.

Y n Simula u; me@ ninth@ tsp'lim-125,the

lilm feed device 26 and the branding inachine and bra-ke V2774are 'all carried lon a table 49. v

The film te extends Afrom the branding hij lili

lnac-l'iine and brake 27- to the film-takeup 28.

In describing. the vfil-rn take-upreference ishad t0 Figs-4 and-'5. The film take-.up 28 has vertical guides 50, the lower ends of. which-are attached to'a A'l'oor 51 aiidthe up# per ends of which-are attached toaceiling board 52 which is secu-red to ceiling. beams 53.- Directly adjacent to the upperends-oif the vertical guides- 50' there are secured brackets 55,4 which support an upper shaft 56 which extends betweenthev vertical guides 50. Pulleys 57' are rota tably. carried on the upiper. shaft 50. Garried-betweoirthe vergticalguides 50 nea-r 'the lower endsA thereof is-.a,carriageg59. This carriage-59 is com posed of -a frame. which. has cross bars; 60 and-fvertical end bars 61.- Att-he'upper and lower? ends of the?v vertical bars 61 are iwheels. 63; which are rotatably carriedj onf'pins; 64 which iare secured=to--tl1e ends of-.the vertical arms -61. ,These wheels 63 are-adapted to engage the inner faces of-the vertical guides 50, and the `jcarriage is. thereby rendered movable-in a-.vertical direetion.- .Secured to the 'verticall barsgGhCentra-jll-y. between the cross bars 60, are brackets 60.- which support a lower shaftf. Rotatably carried on the lower shaftv 67- are lower. traveling spools G8. As-shoW-n clearly infFig-'SL 4ya`nd v5, the film 44-iswound inA loops- GSI-around pai-rs ofE stationaryE spools 57- and traveling rollers.68.. 2

The purpose of the film take-up is tosu-pply film-to. the fol-lowing apparatus ofj-the inventionLeven though-the forward-end of the. ilm .s constralned.' from movement.. Sueh'lacondition as this .occurs when the end of-t-heftlm-44E is reached and another film which. may be Carried by the reel-"43x is spliced thereto. The brakelever 48 is actuated-so as tov apply the brake of the branding machine vand brake 237, which prevents they forward endofthe film 44 from moving` while asplicefis being...made.' During this-time the restxof the apparatus may continue to operate. Thel carriage 59 will move upwardly on the guides 50 and the loop: 69 ofthe film will short-en and inthis manner film will be fed to the following. apparatus. p

The-.lmextends from the lm take-up 28 tothe hnfeed regulator 29 which is illustrated in detail in F igs. G, 7 and 8.4

The film: feed regulator has a base 72 which provides a gear chamber 73. The upper part of the. gear chamber 73 has an opening and a connector 75 is secured to the base '72 by` cap,screws 7 6 in such a-nianner thatl the vopeningI through thev connector. 75 communicates with the. gear Vchamber 73. Seeured-'toftheupper end-of .the connector. 75 byl niealisfof 1cap. screws 77 is.- a lowergea-r housing 78, tothe upper-end o--which Aa verticaltube279 'isconnectedl The upper end of fthe vertical-tube 'f--is-provided with a fla-nge member 'and secu red to the flan-ge member 80-'by cap screws S1 is an upper gear housing 82.

A-niotor 84: is-securedto the base F2-and extending from the motor SLL-into thegear chamber 73 isa motor shait- 85. A worm 87 is-secured on the shaft 85- inthe gear chamberq. This worm 87'- is adapted. to drive a Worm. gear. .88v which is -keyed -ona sleeve 89, which sleeve 89v is secured: to the lower end o-ffavertieal shaft 90,:tfhis vertical shaft 90 extend-ingvv .upwardly through the coi-mector 7 5,- the-lowergear housing-78, the tube 79,.-and-terininatingdn the uplper gewi-housing 82.: g .Securedfto-.the-lower end ofthe sleeve 89 bymeans-ohai boltz.92,-is aiballr bearing 93, which Zbfi-llv .bearing 93 3 rests --in 4a cavity.- -94 of-:theubaseformed directlybelow andyin communication-.with .the,.gea,r. chamber 73. Secured-to, the' vertical shaft-V905-inside the lovif'erfgea-r; l-iousingZS--is slee-ve 96.. This sleeve.; 96 has-afballfbea-ri11g 97;.-seeurel thereto by means-of a ln-ut 98. fTheballI bearing 9.7 is retained-.bya-Zcup v10() which? engages -the outer.l race-of.- the, bearing. .and .which is secured in. place by.: -meansof the cap screws77.- j

Secured on the sleeve 96 is a gear 101 which. engages. and drives-af gear 102.. As shown specificallyinf Fic.- 7,' vithe rear-102- is keyed to .v a lower f spindles; 1031-; This lo wer spindle- .1103` -extends 'ithfreugph-zthe -lovveigear housing 78u ,land is. journaled -`in. bearings 104 and 105. The-bearing 1Q4issecured against anannular shoulder 107i by, meansz-ofainut 11.08 whichjis securedto. thgeflower gear housing-78T and.- through-which thelower lspindle 103 passes --'.-Th e bearing=10-isplacedin a cylindrical;A opening. 110, the outer end of which opening-110isolosed-by a :cover .111, through which the small fend Iof the spindle 103 extends. lAni end-i 112.- of the. lower spindle j10j3, extel'ids-horizontally from the lower gear. housings-78 .and liasa lowerroller 114 tightly. sectired-thereon-by` means of a nut 1-15. which-clamps the lower..roller 114 against'an annularshoulder A116 'of-the lower spindle 103. The lower ro'ller.l14.is formed so -as to fprovide aplurality. off spools i118.

The upper end of-thje vertical shaft 90 has a sleeve120 seeuredthereto, on which a-ball bearing` 121.. is. secured-by. a nut-122.v The outer ring of the ball bearing 121 rests in a cylindrical opening 124 of.- the upper gear housing-82. Secured :onthesleeve 120-is a gear 125.' which engagesand' driresI a gear 126. Y The gear- 1-2is securedon: an. upper spind1ef127. .The upperspindle 127 isro.- tatably supported by bearing's128 and 129. The bearing 128 issecured. againstan annular shoulder 130,.byrmeans of. ar nut.- 131, whiehnut 131i. has an opening-132. through whiehthe upperspindle 127.extends. The bea-ringV A129.- is lplacedA in; a, cylindrical. open'- ing 134, the outer end of which opening 134 is closed by acap 135. An end 137 of the upper spindle 127 extends horizontally from the upper gear housing 82 and has an upper rollcl.l 138 secured thereto. The roller 138 is secured in place by means of a nut 139 which clamps the roller 138 against an annulaishoulder 14() of the upper spindle 127. The upper roller 138 is formed so as to provide a pluralityr of spools 141.

As illustrated in Fig. 1., the film 44 is wrapped around the spools 141 and 118 in loops 142. The motor 84 is a-variable speed motor and may be iliade to operate at the desired 1i. P. M. by operation ofv a rheostat or other control device (not shown)".* When the motor 84`is in operation' the worrn'87'jis driven by means of' the shaftf85,"and it-rofates the vertical shaft through the gear 88. The upper and lower spindles 1127 and 112 are driven by means of their respective gearing from the vertical shaft 9() andthe upper and lower rollers 138 and 114 are rotated at the same'R. P. M'. The film 44 'is looped around 'the Aupper and lower rollers a sufficient -nurnberfof times to procure friction ou the film sufficient to drive it and to positively feed it into the wet and dryboxes 30 and 32. y

rlhe film feed regulator is provided for the purpose of feeding, and functions in a manner to feed, the film 44 ata desired rate of speed to the wet and 'dry boxes. The rate of feed of the film may bereadily changed by merely operating the rheostat or control device of the motor in order to change the R. P. M. thereof accordingly. The rate of feed of the film maybe discerned from a speed indicator 144 which is placed on the table. 49. This speed indicator 144 is provided with a flexible' shaft 145 which extends through flexible tube 146. One end of the flexible tnbe and shaft is supported by a l'nacket 147 which forms va part of the lower gear housingr 78. Secured to the end of the shaft 145 is a gear 148'which engages and is driven by a gear 149 which is secured on the extending end of the lower spindle 103, which end is opposite the end 112 of the spindle 103. When the film feed regulator is in o'peration, the flexible shaft 145 is rotated by means of the gears 148 and 149 and the speed indicator 144 is caused to indicate the rate of feed of the film. 4

'lhc film 44 extends from the film feed regulator 29 to the wet box 30. Placed between the wet bex 30 and the film feed regulator 29 is a vert-ical partition board 150 which has an opening 151 through which the film 44 extends.

In describing the details of the wetbox, reference will be had to Fig. 1 and 9 to 13 inclusive. The wet box 30 includes tanks 155 which are supported by foundations 156. The tanks maybe divided into various compartments in which the various solutions for treating the film are retained. In each of the tanks 155 is a film handling unit 157, one of which units is shown clearly in Figs. 9 to 13 inclusive. Each of the film handlingr units -consists of an impulse turbine case which includes a shell 161 and a cover 162. The shell 161 provides an 'elongated chamber 163 which is open at the'to'p. The cover 162 is secured to the upper part `of the shell'161 by cap screws 164 in order-toA close the upper open end of the elniirilmiE 163. Vertical drain tubes 165 extend downwardly from the case 160 and are secured Ato-thel shell 161 in 'communication with openings 166 thereof' by' means of` shoes l'167, "these shoes" 167 'being secired'fto the' shell"161= -by cap screws 168'.v The'vertical tubesbf-each of the film handling '.units'l' 'telescope in-' side a vertical pipe 170,' these vertical -pipes 170 being rigidly held atthe side of a tank 155 bymeans of' upper' avnd'lower brackets A171 and 172. *Lower faces =174 ofthe shoes 167 engage upper' faces'175 of vthe 'upper brackets 171and in this-manner the film handling units-are supported. The lower ends of the vertical pipe'170 connect to` aA main drain pipe 176,- as'shwn2in Fig. 1. This main drain -pipe'176 is'placed below the floor 51. Byextending,- the"drain'tu.-bes of 'the film handling units inside thevertical pipe, the unitsv are retained in proper workingposition.:4 f

y Referring *more particularly -to Figi 11,:1 front wall 178 oflea'ch of 'the shells 4161 is. provided with aplurality of front cylindrical openings179,'and a rear'n'fall 180"ofea`ch of the shells 161 is provided' vwitlr a series of cylindrical openings 181 'which aligni'with the openings-179. A bearing holder '182'is secured'in each of the front openings 4179 and a bea-ring 183 is secured in eafvities 184 of each of the bearing holders' 182by means of a retaining cap' 186. In'eachof thefbaclr opcnings181' thereis placed a'bca'r'ing '187 which is accessible when a cover 188 'which closes each ofthe openingsp181'is removed; Each pairof bearings 183 and 187|isA adapt-4 ed to'rotatably support an upper drive shaft 190. An inner end 191 of each drive shaft extends into 'the chamber 163 and has bearings 183 and 187 secnr'ed'ther'eto.' Each shaft 190 is enlarged at 193 so as to provide a shoulder 194. The bearings 183 and 187 are secured in place by means 'of a nut 195 which is secured' 0n the inner end of each of the shafts` 190, the" bearings being clamped between the nut 195iand the shoulder'194.` vSpacers 197 are placed'on each'of the shafts 190 'between the bearings' 183 and 187. Each upper or drive shaft 190'extends horizontally above one of the tanks -155 and has an upper or drive roller 199 attached thereto. Each-upper drive roller 199-is rigidly secured to one of the drive shafts 190 illl ifo'

lengagedby af 'worin f2 by means 101:'v a'nut:200 Whieh iS-serevfed onto thefendsthereotl and :which clamps the drive roller 199 against a spat-ei' 201, which in turnien'gages fthewenla-rged eporton 1925 of -eaeh shaft-190. Eaeh drive. roller 199 dr 207-:h1webea'rings' 214 l in which each impulse wheel=shafftf206 iis' ieurnaleth'oaeh worm .205 being `situated 'between bearings 21124. :@-ne end-f eaehf-'o the iiin'pulse'avheel r shafts l206 eXtend's'out-Wardl'y from one side of-eae`h bracket l2O7vand animpulse :\vl1eel..217 is secured thereto. '#Eaeh vimpulse wheell 217 Ais of somewhat `standard const-ruetdh :and :is provided Lwith a multiplieityfof 'buokets-218. 'Libove-eaeh impulse -Whee'l 217 in each of the-tevens 162 is l a cylindrical openinlgr :1220. Securedto thecovers 1162- d reetly above each opening' 220-'1is-a. nozzl'eilieed2221. ,'Each :noz zlelied i221 'has-af cylindrical1projeetion222 ivhihfpiijects l-into oneof the cylindrical openigsQQO. Forn'ied Lin =the Alower .partof each ozfzle-head- 221 endxtending through eaclrprojeetion*222 is apassage 224. .i-A nozlei-225 is carried byeakhlof :the fprojections in communication vwith -'one -of the :passages-"i224: '5l-'Each :nozzle 225 -extends .partially iinto onewf the chambers 163 and is situated in a-position directly above'an impul'sevheelll. Each passage 224, as illustratedbestin IF-ig. 12, is'connected 'to a .lab eral'passage227 -lforined in 'one of the covers 162. "Fmch'of'theflateral lpa.ssfigf-.s E127 connects to a manifold passage '228 `which is also provided in each of the covers 162.

Referring; 'to Fig. 9, each 'manifold pas- S11-'1351228 connects to the fexterior of each cover 162 #nea r 'the central -part 'thereof and secured in-con'nnunie-ation:therewith is areturn 'bend '230,'eaehfretu1-n bend 230 being secured to Vone of the covers 162 by cap screws 231. The returnibends 230 are placed so-as toextend to the baek ofthe film handlingunits 157 andthe inner 'ends thereof are eonnectedto hose 232. Referring'to Fig. 1, eac'lr.liose232 :isvco'nnected tto a vertical liguiddeed 1pipe 234, -eah having a valve 235 *u-hichfeontrols a llow'of liquid gthrough the "hose 232. -The vertical liquidfeed pipes 234 'connedt- 'to -a main liquid 'ffeed p1pe236 ivlii'cliextendsifbelow the floor 51-and-which ishprovi'dedwith 4a main valve 237. The

hose dare :,prov'i'ded :so .fas to eliminate :if-ny rlgi d froin-iection y:oif` the `.film llrandling unit-s and 11 hus permit -it'hem to rbetelevated out 'ot the .tankstil ifor the purposerfof hreadmg the liln'iI-through tandiforlin's'ped" tion orarpair of the film Lhandlingiuniis..

hen the .'main -valve'237 .and 'rtlre'valve 29:1 are lopeilied, 4liqu id .'iwhich is ".pbeferably ol under pressure:is-delivered th-Loulglrl the hose232r-to the man'ifol'dipassager228zof'tlie' lil-n1 delivering i units 157. .-bheiliqiiid apasse-s. therefrom Lthrough ktheflateualepassazg'es 1227:' nblf forhiiuf:

and 'th rough the' nozzlesv jets which iinpingea.I ainstuthe impulse wheels 217 .iand loan-se hemitoi. rotate. in: this inrainner the `drive 'lrol'lers XifIt/h'e 'filnif han d1 ng f umts' a re operated (througlrthe im.:

shown best in Fig. 13, each have ani-enlarged' threaded I portion 246 fformedmear the-upper end 'which -isfscrewed inval-l1 iupperthrded eavit1 247 formed vat the'upper-:end'ofl'eachof the nozzle' heads 221-ahdfatthe2upper end of a eylnd'ricallopening 244-there'o'.v f Eah of the fixed 'nozz'les-is'provi-ded-withfan'lupper threaded -ste'm 248 abovefthe-enlarged threaded iportion '241i Ion Whicha Alock nut 249 is secured. -Eaehlock nut-249 engages an upper end ofoneo'ftheenozzlefheads' 221 and thus locks theftixed control valve 4in place. The upper end of each oftheA nozzle heads 221 is 'provided fwith ae'over i257zand each cover T-'concealstheiupper ehdof'each controlv valveand lock-nut. "Ilhefix'ed valves are inanuallydjusted sothatiaimean rete of speed of the fixed 'impulse'f turbines :is acquired.

VThe governed -eontrl Eva'lves are itypically shown best` in Figs. l121-and 13.-- Eehenntrol valve'l 240f1which iis fgovern'edis pro vided with fa'horizontal .'slo'tLZO in fwhih ia earn 251 frests', eahzcam '251 beingfforcedn the inner end of fa horizontal Shaft.v .252. Each shaft/:252 'extends-through a bearing opening .253 or '-a bearing :member .254.

Tmi:

Each bearing member 254 is provided with an inner threaded plug 255 which extends intoa threaded socket 256 provided by each nozzle head 221; -The nozzle heads 221 of the 'fixed nozzles -havethe threaded sockets which a'shaftf260. extends.; On each shaft 260 there isa-governor spool 262.which is rotatable thereon., A vcoilspring .264 surrounds a part 265 of each of thebearings 2,54. lhe--inncr .endof each ofA thev coil springs 264 engages a pin267 supported -by -t-hc bear-- ing 254 'and the outer end lof leach. coil spring 264 engages alpin.,268 which issupp'ortedf by a lug 269 of each of the vgovernor arms 259. .Each coil springg264fisfor jthespurpose of resilientlynraisiig-the governor arm into its l1ighestposition..j Y When the governor arms 259 are in their highestiposi'tion the1cams251'are `in such a position'.- that -the control valves 24() asso: ciated therewith -are ,raised and there is therefore a maximum jet of liquid flowing through each of thei nozzles 225 andweach of the impulses wheels v217-fis being driven at their maximum torque. When the vgovernor arms 259 are in .theirflowestpositiom the cams 251 are in such positions that the valves 240 are in their lowermost position. At Athis time.;there,-isa.l minimum ysize jet flowing through eachof the ynozzles 225. Aand .theref foregeach; ,of ,the impu lse wheels .217 is being-driven at. .a minimumv torque.; The manner Vofcontroll-'111g.the different positions of the vgovernor..arms .259 will be explained hereinafter-.1-, f;

- Since i it is E:necessary to quite accurately governgthe {speedfofthe governed impulse turbines,it-isgnecessary to preserve the valve seat 266 provided'at the lower ends of each of the nozzlesi225. Itis therefore necessary to .prevent thelowerends .ofthe needles 241 from-pressurably engaging theseseats 266 and this isdone by means of the construction which` is sh'own best inFig. 12. The upper ends of thejgoverned control valves 24U are provided -witlrthreaded. cavities 247 in to which stop .pins 27().are screwed. Each stop pin.27(l;is -slot-tedas' indicated at 271 and the lower ends :thereof are expanded so that when. it isscreu-'ed into a cavity 272 there will be a-resilient pressure thereof against the walls of this; cavity which tend to prevent it from rotating and getting out-of adjustment. Screwed into the threaded socket 247 ofthe nozzle heads 221 in which each of thegoverned control valves is situated is la Istop 273,-1the-npper part of which may be engaged by a head'274 formedat the upper end of each ofthe stop pins 270. Each pin 270 is'adjusted sov that the head thereof may .engage one of the stops 273.just

before the-pin of the associated control valve comes into engagement with one of the valve seats 266.

Each of .the film handling units Aalso includes a cradle 275. Each cradle 275 includes a plurality of horizontallyextending bars 276 which extend below .certain ofthe drive rollers 199. Each horizontal lbar 276 extends into a socket 277 formed on the-front wall 17-8 of each of the cases 160. Placed on each` bar 276 at the opposite ends thereof are brackets 279 4'which are spaced apartfby means of a tubular spacer 280 which surroundsone of the horizontal bars 276. Con` nected to the pairs of brackets 27 9 are pairs of vertical cradle bars 281, the lower ends of which bars 281-are connected by plates 283 to horizontal sidebar-s 284. -The horizontal side bars 284 are retained in .properspaced relationship by the cross hars 285 which have tongues 286 extending through openings provided therein. Extending through the outer ends of the tongues 286 are. pins 287 which lock the side bars and vcross bars together. Extending between and secured tothe side. bars 284 of each of the cradles 275 are lower shafts289, each of which carries a lower or driven roller 290. Each of the driven rrollers 290 consists of individual lower or driven spools 291.. The cross bars 285 of the cradles 275 carry longitudinalfilm guides 293 .which extend .inpositions directly adjacent,tp ad.

jacent parts of the individual spodls`291..

.The film 44 passes to the Awet .bopx.30

through the .opening 151 and extends over the first governor-513001262..The .filmextends from therst governor spool 262 to the first drive roller 199 and then to the firstv driven roller 290. l The film is wrapped around the consecutive spools 208l and 291 of the first series of'upper and lowerrollers 199 and 290 Vin the form of loops 300. The film-passes from the first series of upperand lower rollers directly to the second series of upper and lower ,rollers Zas illustrated best in Fig. 9. The film is wrapped around the second series and then passes over the governor spool 262 of the second governor and then to a third series of upper and lower rollers. It should be noted that there is one governor mechanism for every two series of upper and lower rollers. Therefore, we may consider' the upper and lower rollers as being in pairs, each of which is provided with a Vgovernor mechanism.

In explaining the operation of the governor -niechanism shown in Fig. 9, we will number the first governor mechanism 301, the-second governor mechanism 302 and the third governor mechanisn'r. 303. The first series ofl upper andlower rollers will be numbered 305, the second series will be numbered 306, the third series 307, the fourth series 3018, and the fifth series 309.` As'p'reviously mentioned, the governor mechanism is provided for the'purpose of'vmaintaining the. filniat a normal tension regard-less of the speed at which it is fed to the machine and regardlessof the stretch and shrink of the film.

lrIheoperation is substantially as follows:

If the Atension in thefirst series 305 decreasestli'e'governor arm 259 of the first govcrnorniechanism '301 moves upward, and "as previously ezgiplai-nedj this' nrillraise t-he control val-veconnected `therewithin a manner to increase t-hetorque or idrivingpowero-'i' thefimpulse turbine associated therewith. T his tends to drive the 'upper ro'lleror drive rollerloftlre 'first series 305 fat a higher rate of speedand consequently the'film isltaken bytlii sseri es' S05-at a speed-commensurate \\jitli*tl1e"feedofthe-'hlm thereto, andthe teh's-ion atvthis point will -be returned to normali .and the i'first 'governor -mecha.nism 391 will he-returned tonormalr-position. -VffWhenthe -irst series of rollers 305=is vacelerate'd vin speed, the'i film isfed at` a higher rate of speed Ato'V thesecond series' '306 vand'f the tension''tlrerein f-is reduced. The "governor jarin 259 ofthe secondA governor `mechanism 802fat this't'ime is permitted to raise andthe 'e'ot-roljvalve -associated with this governor 'a-r'm is operated so :is to speed up the operation' .ofthe third impulse turbine. This feauses the dri ve roller iofv the-4 thi-rd series of rollerS",'307-fo operate at a higher rate of spceddan'd relieves the second series-'of-rllers,` 30tjo'f-'any pull,tl1ereby' speeding itup, -}i`hich';a:llows the-tension of the 'lilmaround the 'second-series of rollers 306to-retu-rnto normal. vThe fourth and fifth series Aolfroll- 'ers''and the third governor* mechanism are alected in1 the same'manneras the? 'second and' thirdse'riesof rollers 30G andf307, and thefseconfd governor 'mechanism 302 is-'af- 'fectd when'thet'ension in the rst series of 'rollers is decreased.'

"dien-thetension-'inthe first series of roll- Aers 5305 'inereascs,"the arm ofthe 'first governor mechanism is lowered andthe. control valve"associated (herewith is moved into position' to restrict the flow of 1tluid and the im- 'fpulse turbine is run at a slower 'rate'of speed. Therefore, the series of rollers 305v decreases `in speed and 'permits 'the tension thereofto 'returnto' normal. "-lVhen the speed of the Itiirst series of rollers 305iis decreased, the, 'fi'li1'i.is"ted at a slower rate of speedto the second seiiesfot rollers 306, 'and therefore'the tension'willincrease and the governor arm ,ofthe v second lgovernor mechanism' v302 'Will 'be' depressed. This will slow the-third series of rollers'307 and# Will affect the second series 30G infsu'chn manner as to lslow up' the speed fand return theliln'r-tension-to normal. The "followingseries of rollers are vaffected 4in the same manner asv the second'series ofrollers 4"306 'isalectedwvhenthetension in .the -Trst "series"305 increases.

As statedheretofore, itI isf-highly desirable tolremove -a'll offthe free 'treating solutions from the hlm as it -passesfrom oneltanlcfto the other, and to accomplish this-purpose we provide sq-ueegee nozzles. 'Asshown best in Figs, 2, 3 and 14: to -1'8 inclusive, iat 'a poi-nt between adjacent compartments ofi thev -solution -tanksiwheretherelisa ypartition such as nrdicatedM315, a series of upper-and -lower rollers is; eliminated. jlnfthefopeninglS at this point, fin-place of'the bearing retainer 182 .there 'isfseeure'd a specalfeixstingl which closes'ftihis opening 187.' 4AThe 'upper part of the special. `casting 316 fis provided with-a T formation '317, one horizontal,` end 'of whiel-fis olosedhy aTbl-115.51318. The veritieal portv '320' 'of the "1T "formation l3171ha'sla nipple 321 connected 1 thereto, 'to iwhi'ch va lcxihlehoseBQQ-isi-attached.-

Referringz to iFig. "v1, i the' hose 322: isr'confneeted to 'a verticalair-'pipefwhich connects tela-:main ail-supplypipe 824 having a control valve '325. f'A nipple'327 is connected into one *of thef horizontal outle'tsfor fthe T `forniatioiffo17:towhicha nozzlef-h'eadf328f is secured. The nozzle head'3:28is'adaptedito su pport la. pair ofsqueegee: nozzles 3:29 which -are'a-rrangcdto directstreams of'air oni each side of theffi-lm'44asi `it-passes from the solution compartment at'thcf'left'of 'the partit-ion 315. The 'film 44 passes .upwardA :from lthe -last drivero'ller of the compartment over an idler spool 331 whichl'is supported *by 'a bracket 3321whiohis in -turn sec-ureditothe -nozzle head i328. 'YI-he'film 44 passes-f'fromthe -idler Spool 331 toa governorspool, aindfrom thence to the first drive rol-ler' infthesolution `compartment at the right of bhe .fpa'rtibion 315- *The construction 'of the sq-neegee nozzles 329 is'li-lustratedbest in'F igs.}15 to 18 inclulsive. vEach-'nozzle Consists of -a `body^f335 having a cylindrical projection 336 which is threaded at 337 so that it maybe screwed to the nozzle head-'328. 'Formed adjacent vtov 'the cylindrical'portion V336 isa shell 339 with which there coopera-tes a separate shellmeinbcr 340. The shell 339 :und theishell member 5340 are substaitially lidentical in construe- -tion, exeeptfthat they are right-hand and ilel'tehand parts. The shelll-) is 'forn'ied-to provide an'airr-hanxher 342-iwhich connects with an vopening through the cylindrical f projection 336' by =means of va semi-circular v"passa-ge 343. The. chamber 842 is fin open j'eoinniunieation Witha month '345 favhich" is gforme-db vv a-p`rojection '346 ofthe shell' The shell member o40^has :a chamber 347 lwhich is in open -eominunication with a -mouth l348lprovided by fafprojection'-34`19 of -the shell .member 340. A fsembcylindfrical passage 35() is formed in :vn-end 'wa/lll of the shell mem-ber34() to cooperatex witlrthefse'n'ii- Ycylindrical passage5343 `I'lhe fshellmei'rxber 234() -is/ placed 'so thatl a1' @fiati perimetric tace 351 contacts a flat perimetric face of the shell 339. The shell 339 and the shell member 340 are .resiliently clamped together by a semi-cylindrical spring 355 which rests in channels 356 provided in those portions of the parts 339 and 340 which form the chambers 343 and 347. The mouths 345 and 348 cooperate to provide an air outlet by means of' which a stream of air ofelongated cross section Ais directed :against the face of a film. The size ofqthe opening provided by the mouths 345 and 348 is determined by an adjustment screw 357 which` is threadedly held by the shell 339 and which has an end 358 which is adapted to Contact a. portion -359 of fhe-shcll.member340. In this manner the projections may be spread apart toprovide a larger air outlet as desired. Extending from the shell 339 and fromthe shell member 340 are ears 360 which maybe pressed together manually in. order to spread the .projections 346 and 349 apartgsothat the nozzles may be cleaned vwithoutdismantling them,

The special casting316 provides a socket 362A in which one end .of a horizontal tubular support 363 is secured. The outer end of .the tubular support 363', has anoutboard bracket 364' securedto the outer end thereof. The outboard bracketv 364i is providedA with a split collar 365, the .free ends of which are secured together by a bolt 3663 in o rder to :lamp it to the end of the tubular support 363. The outboard bracket 364 has an elbow 367 formed integral therewith which is supported from the split 'collar 365 by a vertical arm 369.A Secured to the vertical opening of the elbow 367 is a short nipple 36,8to which a flexible hose 373 is secured. The fiexible hose 373 is secured to the vertical air'pipe 323 andby means of which air is supplied through theI flexible hose to the elbow. 367. The horizontal opening of the elbow 367 has a nipple 376 secured thereto, and secured to the nipple 376 is a nozzle head 370. The noz zle head 370 supports u pa'ir 'of outboard nozzles 371 and 372, which arerdisposed on each side. of the film 44 at a point where it lpasses from the upper last drive rollers ofi a solution compartment. These nozzles .1,71 and 372 are constructed the same vas the nozzles 329. The fil in passes over an idler spool 374 which is supported by a bracket 375 attached' to the nozzle head 370. The air is under a pressure of about 5 pounds persquare inch and is directed, as explained, againstthe opposite faces of the film 44 andserves toremove by blowing action any surplus liquid collected on the faces of the film.

The film passes from the film handlingr unit of the first tank 155 to a film inspection device which is illustrated clearly in Figs. 19 to 21 inclusive.

Secured to the end of the gear vcase of the rst unit is a. bracket 377. The bracket 377 has a horizontal bar 378 secured thereto,

.section of a parabola. ,housing 410 has a fixture 414 secured there- .t o, which carries a lamp socket 415. The

with a. clamp structure 386 in which a. shaft portion 387 of a fixture 388 is secured. This fixture 388 forms a central part of a snpporting structure and arms 389 extend therefrom in opposite directions. The shaft portioni387 is -providedwith a. head 391 to preventthe shaft from being moved axially from place. The manner of supporting the shaft 387permits the supporting structure, whichf-includes the fixture 388 and the arms 389, to besecured in a desired position.

, Art'the extending ends of the arms 389 there- Y is secured a bearing housing 395. Each bearing housing 395 provides a. bean ing-chamber 396 in which ball bearings 397 and 398 are placed, the bearing chambers 396 being closed by a cover 399. The bearings 397 and 398 ot' each ofthe bearing housings 395 rotatably support a shaft 401 which extends from the bearing chamber 396 throughan'opening provided in each cover 399. Rigidly secured on the extending end of eachshaft 401 is a wheel or pulley 402. A channel 403 is provided in the rim 404 oth-each of the wheels 402. The wheels 402 ,are invalig'nment as illustrated in thedrawings, and extended around them and resting in the channels 403 thereof is an opaque endless belt or endless web 40G. `As illustrated best in Figs. 19 to 2 1 inclusive, the endless belt 406 is provided with windows 407 which are elongated as shown and which are of about the size of two frames of the film 44.

The fixture 388 is provided with a flange 409 to which flange there is secured a. lamp housing 410, being secured thereto by screws 411. Carried inside the housing 410 is a light reflector 412 which is in the form of a The back of the lampA Socket 415 projeetsthrough an open- ,ing in the reflector 412 and carries a lamp i417 inside the reflector 412.

The front part of the housing 410 is flat and is closed by a. plate of glass 419. The plate of glass 419 lextends partially over opposite flanges 420 of the housing 410 and is clamped in place by guide bars 421, the `guide bars 421 being secured in place by screws 422. Gasket members 423 are provided around the edges of the glass 419 which are engaged by the guide bars 421 and the flange 420 for the f ueeefeee by reasonof the ffvictional Contact between Ythe-,film and-the endless'belt il-Vhenoneof 'the windows 407 ispassing aerosstlie'glass 419 ofthelight housingAlO, light rays'lpass therethrough and illumina-te ar {paiir .of

llfrafmesof the films so that theymayfvhe'inspected -as to density and .smthatvitma-yfbe. determined whether or notftheutiilnris bei-ng developed to afproper extent. lItis-,preferable to employ a fcoloredfglass :41,9 .-so Ithat the 'light rays willi-not- ..be strong-enough Y.to .have a 'detrimental effect on .the film.. 'The Windowsy 407 lare spaced so' that as Aone windo'w moves-from the glass 4.19 another Windowv may move thereon.. The 'intensityof the light being lcast on ythe `iframes ofthe- Afilm is the same -atal\l 'times andthe film may 'be Couven iently inapeeted- -by thei i-nspeotion device offour .invention vthere-fore,:the condition of the film may bewory accurately determined. 2

The -film .44 passesf-rom the inspeetion device 3l. to the film :hand-ling` funitl1157 of the next tank M15-of the Wet box 30. The construction of ,the -secondwet box and lfilm handling4 unit ,is siibstantliallyw-tlie sameas the `first -one just deseribedifzmd itherefme a detailed description thereof is unneeessary. The film passes -from the Ser/ond film han dlirng unit of ythe-wet box-and fnoiinthe .Wet box to a suitabledrying means, l

In .putting the machine into operation the first time itis necessary to thread ayleader film vthrough the entire .appamltns. This leader film 1consists of a: piece of .film which is used solely for the purpose of guiding the other film through the .apparatus when Ithe machine is first ,starbedup The leader film may be readily ,tlirea ded. -aamind the .branding machine and braleQL the film take-up Q8 and the` film speed regnlator 29. f In order to thread the llaender :film on the; film carrying units 157, itis necessaryto :elevate them so thataceess .may he had to both .the upper and lower rollers .TrheI-ilmhandling units 157 are eleyated by meanstypically il- 1; lustra'ted by .hydranliejzlcks 505 hnvi-ngfrods 506 which are provided withhooks1507at the lower ends thereof..4 These. hooks '507 engage eyes ,508 aprovideden. each Tof :the

cases 160. IThe.hydraulic.jacks 505 fare oa-I .pablo of zoperationin va. manner to -liftthe .fhn handling units 1.57 so `that fthc lower rollers-thereof are plaoed above the tank .156 and so thatthe leader ilm'inay be easily fth-rmled;ltlrerealzonnd The purpose of tele- :seupieixytlie 'drain bullies inside vthe drain ',fpi'nves amid the .purpose of providing the vflex- ',hn mm@ ,aaa me uw has@ 32e rand 3731's for penniiltilinfr the filmilml'idlingr units to be elerated as just described. The film is #then threaded tamund'tlie conseoutive spools of fthe ,rippornand lofwer iollers and around the #governor :spools oit .the first Ifilm handling; .alinit 157.- Ilt-;-is=-then passed-around the in rai'nection devioell'vaiidaround the various mpools-oifntheirnlextffifllm handling-unit 157. 80

i;:T/lxe'-filmffl1andling 'units I157 are lthen low- .oned mtoiproper position inside the ltanks filirg:` /l "il Y' The filmto Abe developed is-then lconnecte-d to the-zrean'lend of thealeader. film and :theo

apparabnsfiis-then sset into operation. The valves 235 amd|237 are 'openedto supply liquid under pressure-totheimpulse turbines. z'llhs diouid; aspreviouslyexplained, is prefemlilyginpthe form of am oil and :at a pres-f90 veure etna-hout; 25 pounds per-sqi-iare inch. The motor 84 of the film feed regulator is energined at this'time-and lthe wholeappafyratusf'vbegins Aihonoporate.v When the first Miene-f fthe wet-ibex 30,=-.the frames-'thereof maybe nspected at *the inspection device :31 so as to determine Whether or not the= film is proioerly idevtelopedi- If theA film is haz'nonmal speed. the governor spools posi-` tion themselves higher than normal so that the oontrolyallvesassociated therewith will :open/more and aflflow a. larger 'jet of liquid so that the turbine motors operate at a high- Yslower than norIna'lJt-he governor spools are Vim a. .lower positionzmd the valves are lclosed -more than :normal that `the impulse tur- .'biivnesopera'te aba-.lower rast-e of speed. lThe toondition of the/film mayhe inspected fromtime to time' atfrt'he inspection device 31 and the development'thereotmay be kept under accurate oontrol ait all times.

then the film 44 'carried on the feed'reel 42 .isfnearlfyifall unwoimd, it is necessary to splice lthe end of this 'film with the film which may bevcarried on the reel 43. Vhen this is tohe done. the'bruke of the machine 27 is applied hy :actuating the lever 48 and 'the rear. endlf the film :is 1lookedagainst move-v s loo 

